Onychomycosis – the disease common. It is often diagnosed with fungus of the nail of the thumb. During early treatment, the infection is able to stop and avoid hitting the nails healthy. Currently, there are many tools to fight the fungus. In the early stages will be enough local drugs, and running can not do without radical measures.
Causes fungal defeat of the nail, and risk factors
Of the fungi on the nail in most cases there is a contact with another person.
Risk factors for infection fungal act the following states:
- The advanced age.
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
- Bacterial lesions of the skin.
- Eczema, dermatitis.
- The abuse of beverage consumption.
The disease develops in contact with the nail plate pathogenic fungi. In addition, they can enter the blood and on the skin. In most cases, the cause of the development of the disease is present in contact with another person. There are the following reasons to develop a fungal infection:
- Find in common places for the type of bathroom or swimming pool. In this case, the fungus most often affects the toes.
- The contacts with the sick person, and onychomycosis. Can be transmitted through your personal things.
- Beauty treatments, if the tools are not disinfected. For example, if the procedure pedicure or manicure.
- The non-observance of rules of personal hygiene. The lack of an adequate control the state of the feet, or the transport of poor quality shoes leads to the development of nail fungus.
- Taking medication, a side effect which is the development of fungal diseases.
- Poor circulation, varicose veins.
Phase onychomycosis and their symptoms
Each stage of the nail fungus has its symptoms. On the basis of this is chosen the treatment, so it is very important to understand in which phase is the fungal infection.
- Normotroficheskie. The nail plate can change its color, if this persists glitter of the nail, and its thickness is normal. Little by little, appear spots of various sizes, have a yellow-white. For the development of the disease, the spots increase in size and become slightly convex and, consequently, they cover the entire nail plate. The thickness of the nail is maintained in a normal state.
- The hypertrophic. In this phase, manifestations of onychomycosis becomes more pronounced. In addition to changing the hue of the nail, change the thickness of the nail. Increases of more than 2 mm. this Is due ipercheratosiche – the formation of flakes of skin. The nail plate loses shine, becomes dull, they begin to crumble and severely deformed. Particularly strong, the destruction takes place in the lateral sides of the nail.
- Atrophic. The nail plate begins to assume a gray-brownish, the dark becomes more pronounced. As the disease progresses, the nail is reduced, it can completely atrophied. The pathological process develops from the tip of the nail plate, advancing gradually to the coverage of the leather cushion and the area of growth. The symptoms of strain for a long time not affecting the growth zone.
- Distal. The process of deformation becomes homogeneous over the entire nail plate. The nails appear pronounced stripes. While the cutting of the nail, the free edge completely eliminated. The nail plate takes on an irregular shape. Side shock appears, and the swelling and redness. In some cases, when the pressure can manifest itself a little bit of pus.
- Proximal. The nail plate appears as a white spot large. The nail begins to collapse completely.
- Total. Is the final stage. The nail plate affecting completely. The nail crumbles and takes on different shades.
The diagnosis of fungi
Diagnosis includes visual inspection and a series of studies. For the diagnosis it is necessary to consult a dermatologist. To start specialist will take visual inspection, and therefore will have the following procedures:
- Scrape with an infected stage of the nail plate.
- Microscopy, which will detect the presence of the disease fungal.
Usually the diagnosis of mold on the arts does not cause any problems. Even visual inspection can show if there is fungus and its phase.
How to cure nail fungus
Currently, there are many ways for the treatment of fungus of the nail of the big toe of the foot. Techniques of therapy depends on the stage of fungal infection. In the early stages of the disease, it is sufficient only external medications.
Anti-fungal lucky
Many people were interested that will cure fungus of the nail of the big toe of the foot. For these lenses are widely used special paints that are designed to resolve fungal defeat. They differ quick effect and ease of application. The range of these glazes is huge, so everyone can choose for themselves individual instrument.
Ointments, sprays and creams
Between sprays, ointments and creams for the treatment of fungus of the nail of the thumb, it is possible to allocate the funds, presented in the following table. They enjoy great popularity and have proven to be more effective.
Tablets for oral administration
Oral medications are assigned extremely rare. Their welcome is only advisable in the execution of phases of fungal infection. Because they cause a large number of side effects, their is forbidden to take without a prescription. These tablets are especially popular drugs, presented in the following table.
Tool for the removal of the nail plate
Remove the nail plate may be necessary in case of fungal infection has affected its entire surface. For this you need to use special tools to gently remove the nail. Moreover, their action also aims to eliminate the fungus. Their use is necessary to show a particular precision, to avoid injury and the spread of infection.
Effect laser
Laser – an alternative method for the treatment of fungus toe. The laser beams are able to penetrate deep into the thickness of the nail, which allows you to effectively eliminate the infection. This procedure is recommended for people who have an increased sensitivity to drugs for the treatment of athlete's foot. The laser acts in a painless way, without causing discomfort. The procedure has no side effects and contraindications. For maximum effect, it is necessary to hold a course of such procedures.
The surgical removal
The surgical removal of the nail plate – the way in which radical. Applies only if other methods have not given desired result. The operation is performed under local anesthesia. The nail plate is completely removed. Of the positive sides of this method, it is possible to cancel a quick relief from a fungal infection. Respecting the measures necessary for the healthy growth of the nail can accelerate. The negative side is relatively long rehabilitation after surgery, can be pain.
Folk remedies
Techniques of traditional medicine are widely used in the treatment of fungal infections. We recommend that you use them as supplementary measures to the basic treatment. Replace medications can not. The most common recipes:
- Regularly steam out of the feet in soda water with the addition of iodine. Then the nail is processed to an antibacterial agent.
- Apply on the victim and a nail of the foot drop 5-% of iodine. As a preventative, apply 1-2 times a week.
- Throughout the week, lubricate the nail apple cider vinegar.
- Grind celandine, bring to a boil. The solution to add to the performance of baths for the legs.
- Add to foot bath baking soda, and a piece of soap. The procedure is performed 2-3 times a week.
That will be, if not to cure the disease
If you do not promptly make the treatment of nail fungus, then you may go to the chronic form of the disease. Its danger is the accumulation of toxic substances that enter the bloodstream. Then the toxins in the rapid spread throughout the body.
Recommendations for the prevention
In order to avoid fungal defeat of the nail plate, it is necessary to respect the following rules:
- Make sure that the legs were dry.
- Wear comfortable and high quality shoes.
- After the visit to the common places, to thoroughly wash the feet with soap and water.
- If your shoes use socks.
- Regularly to monitor the nail. Remove excess length and to make hygienic pedicure.
- If a person has already met by a fungus, it is necessary to use special anti-fungal medications for the prevention of relapse.
Preventive measures can help you avoid this unpleasant disease, such as onychomycosis of the nail. In addition, careful care of feet and nails allows you to permanently store them in perfect conditions.